IELTS Item Type Status

Sample 1 (ID: 39)

{
  "item": {
    "type": "fib_grammar",
    "content": {
      "questions": [
        {
          "sentence": "Given the alarming rate of deforestation, conservationists _____ consider implementing more stringent measures to protect the remaining rainforests.",
          "explanation": "The use of 'should' in this sentence demonstrates the advanced modal for giving advice or making recommendations. It suggests that conservationists have an obligation or that it would be wise for them to consider stricter protective measures, given the context of rapid deforestation.",
          "correct_answer": "should"
        },
        {
          "sentence": "The biologist speculated that the unusual migration patterns of certain bird species _____ be attributed to subtle changes in the Earth's magnetic field.",
          "explanation": "The modal 'might' is used here to express possibility or uncertainty. It aligns with the advanced modal usage, indicating that the biologist is making a tentative hypothesis about the cause of the birds' behavior, without being fully certain.",
          "correct_answer": "might"
        },
        {
          "sentence": "Environmental policymakers _____ take into account the long-term effects of climate change on biodiversity when drafting new legislation.",
          "explanation": "This sentence employs 'should' to convey a strong recommendation or moral obligation. It demonstrates the use of advanced modals in the context of environmental policy, suggesting that considering long-term climate impacts is necessary or advisable.",
          "correct_answer": "should"
        },
        {
          "sentence": "Researchers _____ investigate the potential impact of rising sea levels on coastal ecosystems before it's too late to implement effective conservation strategies.",
          "explanation": "The use of 'should' in this context expresses a strong recommendation or urgency. It exemplifies the advanced modal usage, implying that there is a need or obligation for researchers to conduct these investigations promptly.",
          "correct_answer": "should"
        },
        {
          "sentence": "The recent discovery of a new plant species in the Amazon rainforest _____ lead to breakthroughs in botanical research and pharmaceutical development.",
          "explanation": "This sentence uses 'might' to express a possibility or potential outcome. It demonstrates the advanced modal usage by indicating that the discovery has the potential to result in significant advancements, without stating it as a certainty.",
          "correct_answer": "might"
        }
      ],
      "instructions": "Choose the correct word to fill in the blank for each sentence."
    }
  }
}

Sample 1 (ID: 8)

{
  "item": {
    "type": "listening_1",
    "content": {
      "part1": {
        "transcript": "Speaker A: How was your trip to France? Did you enjoy it? \nSpeaker B: Yes, it was wonderful! The accommodation we stayed in was fantastic, just a short walk from the main square. \nSpeaker A: That's great! Did you visit any educational sites while you were there? \nSpeaker B: Absolutely, we spent a day at the Cit\u00e9 des Sciences museum. It was really fascinating. \nSpeaker A: Sounds like a great experience. I hope you took lots of photos. \nSpeaker B: I did! I can't wait to share them.",
        "audio_segments": [
          {
            "text": "How was your trip to France? Did you enjoy it? ",
            "voice": "echo",
            "speaker": "Speaker A",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_6f1de450-7ce0-48b0-a43d-ee90721e7ab3.mp3"
          },
          {
            "text": "Yes, it was wonderful! The accommodation we stayed in was fantastic, just a short walk from the main square. ",
            "voice": "alloy",
            "speaker": "Speaker B",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_f2885658-e707-41f1-b83c-867fd0828680.mp3"
          },
          {
            "text": "That's great! Did you visit any educational sites while you were there? ",
            "voice": "echo",
            "speaker": "Speaker A",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_c1d06b8f-9a55-458d-ad60-330ea9a2a5fe.mp3"
          },
          {
            "text": "Absolutely, we spent a day at the Cit\u00e9 des Sciences museum. It was really fascinating. ",
            "voice": "alloy",
            "speaker": "Speaker B",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_759d6dd1-0274-4c60-8fd1-c270bda163c5.mp3"
          },
          {
            "text": "Sounds like a great experience. I hope you took lots of photos. ",
            "voice": "echo",
            "speaker": "Speaker A",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_6f1e53fb-b501-4872-9444-4c05b65a8fac.mp3"
          },
          {
            "text": "I did! I can't wait to share them.",
            "voice": "alloy",
            "speaker": "Speaker B",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_04f69ea4-2734-49c3-8684-ca3161ca7cea.mp3"
          }
        ],
        "sample_question": "Where did Speaker B stay?",
        "suggested_answer": "main square",
        "answer_explanation": "The transcript mentions that the accommodation was just a short walk from the main square.",
        "combined_audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/combined_audio_3c3a1586-9693-4378-ad86-5d578bd8f5ce.mp3"
      },
      "part2": {
        "transcript": "Speaker A: Welcome to our local library. Today, I will introduce you to the facilities we offer. We have a vast collection of educational materials, including textbooks for various subjects. Additionally, we host weekly workshops for both young learners and adults. Our aim is to support lifelong education. Remember, our library is open from 9 AM to 8 PM, Monday through Saturday.",
        "audio_segments": [
          {
            "text": "Welcome to our local library. Today, I will introduce you to the facilities we offer. We have a vast collection of educational materials, including textbooks for various subjects. Additionally, we host weekly workshops for both young learners and adults. Our aim is to support lifelong education. Remember, our library is open from 9 AM to 8 PM, Monday through Saturday.",
            "voice": "echo",
            "speaker": "Speaker A",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_02c5bc05-4179-4b56-8967-e9c5ba341592.mp3"
          }
        ],
        "sample_question": "What type of events does the library host weekly?",
        "suggested_answer": "workshops",
        "answer_explanation": "The transcript states that the library hosts weekly workshops for young learners and adults.",
        "combined_audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/combined_audio_35d5bdee-88c4-49d9-beb4-f11ceccbf625.mp3"
      },
      "part3": {
        "transcript": "Speaker A: Our next topic is the implementation of technology in the classroom. How do you think it enhances learning? \nSpeaker B: Well, I believe it offers interactive experiences that can engage students more effectively than traditional methods. \nSpeaker C: I agree, but don't you think it might be distracting? Students might focus on games instead of course material. \nSpeaker A: That's a valid concern. However, with proper guidance and restrictions, technology can indeed be a powerful tool.",
        "audio_segments": [
          {
            "text": "Our next topic is the implementation of technology in the classroom. How do you think it enhances learning? ",
            "voice": "echo",
            "speaker": "Speaker A",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_68838b0d-1bb1-4c7c-8a2e-976f50cb3f2d.mp3"
          },
          {
            "text": "Well, I believe it offers interactive experiences that can engage students more effectively than traditional methods. ",
            "voice": "alloy",
            "speaker": "Speaker B",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_176e8737-3654-4ca8-9888-40a9284df6b6.mp3"
          },
          {
            "text": "I agree, but don't you think it might be distracting? Students might focus on games instead of course material. ",
            "voice": "shimmer",
            "speaker": "Speaker C",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_4b5e185b-0fed-461c-a622-e96f3e943327.mp3"
          },
          {
            "text": "That's a valid concern. However, with proper guidance and restrictions, technology can indeed be a powerful tool.",
            "voice": "echo",
            "speaker": "Speaker A",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_e6138d6c-9c4f-48a0-84b7-2ef11574ef12.mp3"
          }
        ],
        "sample_question": "What concern does Speaker C have about technology in the classroom?",
        "suggested_answer": "It might be distracting.",
        "answer_explanation": "Speaker C mentions that students might focus on games instead of course material, indicating a concern about potential distractions.",
        "combined_audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/combined_audio_59279d9e-ba35-4da1-a192-66d56647c8a7.mp3"
      },
      "part4": {
        "transcript": "Speaker A: Today, we will delve into the pedagogical approaches that have been gaining traction over the past decade. New methods such as flipped classrooms and blended learning have transformed how education is delivered. These approaches leverage technology to facilitate an interactive learning environment outside the traditional classroom setting. While these methods require students to be self-motivated, they enable more personalized learning opportunities. As educators, it's crucial to integrate these innovations to adapt to a digital age where information access is seamless.",
        "audio_segments": [
          {
            "text": "Today, we will delve into the pedagogical approaches that have been gaining traction over the past decade. New methods such as flipped classrooms and blended learning have transformed how education is delivered. These approaches leverage technology to facilitate an interactive learning environment outside the traditional classroom setting. While these methods require students to be self-motivated, they enable more personalized learning opportunities. As educators, it's crucial to integrate these innovations to adapt to a digital age where information access is seamless.",
            "voice": "echo",
            "speaker": "Speaker A",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_170b98b8-1fdb-4682-aa6a-a74d4419730f.mp3"
          }
        ],
        "sample_question": "What are the main benefits of new pedagogical approaches?",
        "suggested_answer": "They facilitate interactive and personalized learning.",
        "answer_explanation": "The lecture explains that new approaches like flipped classrooms and blended learning facilitate interactive and personalized learning.",
        "combined_audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/combined_audio_ca983eab-799c-486e-90aa-01e7d8bba81f.mp3"
      }
    },
    "speaker_voices": {
      "Speaker A": "echo",
      "Speaker B": "alloy",
      "Speaker C": "shimmer"
    },
    "vocabulary_topic": "School and Education"
  }
}

---

Sample 2 (ID: 2)

{
  "item": {
    "type": "listening_1",
    "content": {
      "part1": {
        "transcript": "Speaker A: Hi, do you know of any good places to stay near the university?\nSpeaker B: Yes, there's a student hostel about five minutes from campus. I stayed there last semester, and it was quite comfortable.\nSpeaker A: That sounds good. What kind of amenities do they offer?\nSpeaker B: They provide free Wi-Fi, laundry facilities, and a small cafeteria. It's really convenient for students.\nSpeaker A: Great, thanks for the information!",
        "audio_segments": [
          {
            "text": "Hi, do you know of any good places to stay near the university?",
            "voice": "nova",
            "speaker": "Speaker A",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_5b00c6e5-0318-4590-a625-c0200a774d9e.mp3"
          },
          {
            "text": "Yes, there's a student hostel about five minutes from campus. I stayed there last semester, and it was quite comfortable.",
            "voice": "shimmer",
            "speaker": "Speaker B",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_35b740f2-b219-4f4a-9b43-7333bcc6cedd.mp3"
          },
          {
            "text": "That sounds good. What kind of amenities do they offer?",
            "voice": "nova",
            "speaker": "Speaker A",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_5417c4e3-b52b-4eca-806a-f962bd67b3bc.mp3"
          },
          {
            "text": "They provide free Wi-Fi, laundry facilities, and a small cafeteria. It's really convenient for students.",
            "voice": "shimmer",
            "speaker": "Speaker B",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_ffa4c7e0-f5b1-4f68-9678-18479be46023.mp3"
          },
          {
            "text": "Great, thanks for the information!",
            "voice": "nova",
            "speaker": "Speaker A",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_6b5d30d2-2bfb-42c1-8411-294070d8add1.mp3"
          }
        ],
        "sample_question": "Where did Speaker B stay last semester?",
        "suggested_answer": "student hostel",
        "answer_explanation": "Speaker B mentioned that they stayed at a student hostel last semester.",
        "combined_audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/combined_audio_d3e76157-0e19-48c3-8360-3d5bdc2ea11c.mp3"
      },
      "part2": {
        "transcript": "Speaker A: Good afternoon, everyone. Just a quick reminder about the student orientation event tomorrow. It starts at 9 AM in the main auditorium. There will be sessions on how to use the library resources, an introduction to the student portal, and a tour of the campus. Refreshments will be available in the lobby. Make sure to bring your student ID for registration.",
        "audio_segments": [
          {
            "text": "Good afternoon, everyone. Just a quick reminder about the student orientation event tomorrow. It starts at 9 AM in the main auditorium. There will be sessions on how to use the library resources, an introduction to the student portal, and a tour of the campus. Refreshments will be available in the lobby. Make sure to bring your student ID for registration.",
            "voice": "nova",
            "speaker": "Speaker A",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_501f26a1-6010-43de-8991-ca3a7dc98eab.mp3"
          }
        ],
        "sample_question": "Where will the orientation event start?",
        "suggested_answer": "main auditorium",
        "answer_explanation": "Speaker A mentioned that the orientation event starts in the main auditorium.",
        "combined_audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/combined_audio_a06cfe6b-f76c-4498-8842-03c816610ead.mp3"
      },
      "part3": {
        "transcript": "Speaker A: So, what do you think about the new online learning platform?\nSpeaker B: I think it has a lot of potential. The interactive features are very engaging.\nSpeaker C: I agree. However, I feel that the interface could be more user-friendly. Some students are finding it difficult to navigate.\nSpeaker A: That's true. It might require a bit more training for both students and faculty to get the most out of it.",
        "audio_segments": [
          {
            "text": "So, what do you think about the new online learning platform?",
            "voice": "nova",
            "speaker": "Speaker A",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_a21567a3-1386-41f0-8f3e-b085814f8c01.mp3"
          },
          {
            "text": "I think it has a lot of potential. The interactive features are very engaging.",
            "voice": "shimmer",
            "speaker": "Speaker B",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_15c8fd03-371a-4781-b3e3-f707f3d19e8b.mp3"
          },
          {
            "text": "I agree. However, I feel that the interface could be more user-friendly. Some students are finding it difficult to navigate.",
            "voice": "alloy",
            "speaker": "Speaker C",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_54df8bfc-dd3c-4895-a4af-b0c5d3198072.mp3"
          },
          {
            "text": "That's true. It might require a bit more training for both students and faculty to get the most out of it.",
            "voice": "nova",
            "speaker": "Speaker A",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_488bd8b6-6154-4506-9160-87cd707d129c.mp3"
          }
        ],
        "sample_question": "What do the speakers think the online learning platform needs?",
        "suggested_answer": "more training",
        "answer_explanation": "Speaker A mentioned that more training is required for both students and faculty to get the most out of the platform.",
        "combined_audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/combined_audio_8e8060a9-b9da-4e8c-be2c-7ada4451df3c.mp3"
      },
      "part4": {
        "transcript": "Speaker A: Today, we are going to discuss the significance of early childhood education. Studies have shown that the first few years of a child's life are critical for their cognitive, social, and emotional development. During this period, children acquire essential skills and knowledge that lay the foundation for their future learning and success. For instance, children who attend high-quality preschool programs tend to perform better academically and exhibit improved social behaviors compared to those who do not. Moreover, early childhood education helps in identifying and addressing learning difficulties at an early stage, which can significantly enhance a child's overall development.",
        "audio_segments": [
          {
            "text": "Today, we are going to discuss the significance of early childhood education. Studies have shown that the first few years of a child's life are critical for their cognitive, social, and emotional development. During this period, children acquire essential skills and knowledge that lay the foundation for their future learning and success. For instance, children who attend high-quality preschool programs tend to perform better academically and exhibit improved social behaviors compared to those who do not. Moreover, early childhood education helps in identifying and addressing learning difficulties at an early stage, which can significantly enhance a child's overall development.",
            "voice": "nova",
            "speaker": "Speaker A",
            "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_82d46033-e342-4c2a-a0ae-6b6ec73ee964.mp3"
          }
        ],
        "sample_question": "According to the lecture, what are some benefits of early childhood education?",
        "suggested_answer": "perform better academically, improved social behaviors",
        "answer_explanation": "Speaker A indicated that children who attend high-quality preschool programs tend to perform better academically and exhibit improved social behaviors.",
        "combined_audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/combined_audio_4c7dc6e3-fb2a-4720-a91f-b50874f396eb.mp3"
      }
    },
    "speaker_voices": {
      "Speaker A": "nova",
      "Speaker B": "shimmer",
      "Speaker C": "alloy"
    },
    "vocabulary_topic": "School and Education"
  }
}

Sample 1 (ID: 12)

{
  "item": {
    "type": "l_match_1",
    "answers": [
      {
        "job": "Mathematics teacher",
        "name": "Rachel",
        "hobby": "Hiking"
      },
      {
        "job": "Software developer",
        "name": "Tom",
        "hobby": "Painting"
      },
      {
        "job": "Psychologist",
        "name": "Sarah",
        "hobby": "Gardening"
      }
    ],
    "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_ca49e89a-9311-46dd-9400-410adf006b9e.mp3",
    "questions": [
      {
        "category": "A",
        "description": "Person's Name"
      },
      {
        "category": "B",
        "description": "Their Job"
      },
      {
        "category": "C",
        "description": "Their Hobby"
      }
    ],
    "transcript": "Let me introduce you to three distinct individuals, each engaged in their unique professions. First, there is Rachel, who is a mathematics teacher dedicated to nurturing young minds. Her weekends are often spent hiking, which offers her a serene escape from academic responsibilities. Next, we have Tom, an innovative software developer who crafts applications that revolutionize educational tools. His passion for painting, which he considers a form of meditation, breathes creativity into his routine. Lastly, there's Sarah, an insightful psychologist who diligently researches student well-being, and she finds relaxation in gardening, which allows her to unwind amidst nature. These individuals, who excel in their careers, also have hobbies that enrich their lives.",
    "grammar_focus": "The transcript incorporates relative clauses to efficiently describe the individuals, using 'who' to link their identity with their professions, as in 'Rachel, who is a mathematics teacher,' which effectively adds detail.",
    "vocabulary_focus": "The vocabulary focuses on school and education, incorporating terms such as 'mathematics teacher,' 'applications,' and 'student well-being,' providing a context-rich description of each individual's professional background and interests.",
    "vocabulary_topic": "School and Education"
  }
}

---

Sample 2 (ID: 7)

{
  "item": {
    "type": "l_match_1",
    "answers": [
      {
        "job": "Dermatologist",
        "name": "Sarah",
        "hobby": "Painting"
      },
      {
        "job": "Architect",
        "name": "John",
        "hobby": "Sculpting"
      },
      {
        "job": "Linguist",
        "name": "Emily",
        "hobby": "Yoga"
      }
    ],
    "audio_url": "https://hivemind440.s3.amazonaws.com/audio/audio_dbee1e15-22cf-46be-8395-a4ff1d23f172.mp3",
    "questions": [
      {
        "category": "A",
        "description": "Person's Name"
      },
      {
        "category": "B",
        "description": "Their Job"
      },
      {
        "category": "C",
        "description": "Their Hobby"
      }
    ],
    "transcript": "Let me introduce you to three fascinating individuals. First, there's Sarah, a dermatologist who finds solace in painting landscapes. Then we have John, an architect who forgoes relaxation through sculpting intricate clay models, exploring the sculptural form. Lastly, there's Emily, a talented linguist who rejuvenates by practicing yoga which helps relax muscles and maintain joint flexibility. Each person's unique passion distinctly complements their profession.",
    "grammar_focus": "Simple wordforms are used to convey ideas clearly, such as 'finds solace' and 'forgoes relaxation'. This demonstrates the use of straightforward language structures for clarity.",
    "vocabulary_focus": "Body parts vocabulary is subtly included, with references to 'muscles' and 'joint flexibility', providing context and depth to the listening exercise.",
    "vocabulary_topic": "Body Parts"
  }
}

Sample 1 (ID: 26)

{
  "item": {
    "type": "mcq_vocabulary",
    "content": {
      "questions": [
        {
          "options": [
            "Closely bonded",
            "Emotionally distant and separated",
            "Financially dependent",
            "Legally divorced"
          ],
          "question": "In the context of family dynamics, what does the term **estranged** most accurately describe when referring to a relationship between family members?",
          "explanation": "The term 'estranged' in family relationships refers to a state of emotional distance and separation between family members. It implies a breakdown in the relationship, often characterized by a lack of communication or interaction. This is distinct from legal separation or divorce, which are formal processes, and doesn't necessarily imply financial independence.",
          "correct_answer": "Emotionally distant and separated"
        },
        {
          "options": [
            "Extended family including grandparents and cousins",
            "A family unit consisting of parents and their children",
            "A single-parent household",
            "A childless couple"
          ],
          "question": "When describing family relationships, what does the term **nuclear family** typically encompass?",
          "explanation": "The 'nuclear family' specifically refers to a family group consisting of parents (typically a married couple) and their children. This term is used to differentiate from extended family structures and doesn't include grandparents, aunts, uncles, or cousins. It's important to note that this definition can vary slightly in different cultural contexts.",
          "correct_answer": "A family unit consisting of parents and their children"
        },
        {
          "options": [
            "Financial support for children",
            "Legal guardianship and responsibility for children",
            "Visitation rights for non-custodial parents",
            "Property division in divorce proceedings"
          ],
          "question": "In the realm of family law and relationships, what does the term **custody** most accurately refer to?",
          "explanation": "In family law, 'custody' primarily refers to the legal rights and responsibilities regarding the care and control of a child. It encompasses decision-making power over a child's upbringing, including education, healthcare, and religious instruction. While custody often involves physical care, it's distinct from visitation rights or financial support obligations, which are separate legal concepts.",
          "correct_answer": "Legal guardianship and responsibility for children"
        },
        {
          "options": [
            "Step-siblings from a remarriage",
            "Relatives by marriage",
            "Distant cousins",
            "Adopted family members"
          ],
          "question": "What does the term **in-laws** most accurately describe in the context of family relationships?",
          "explanation": "The term 'in-laws' specifically refers to relatives acquired through marriage, such as a spouse's parents, siblings, or other family members. This term distinguishes these relationships from blood relatives or step-relatives. It's important to note that the use of this term can vary slightly in different cultures, but it generally denotes the extended family connections created through marital unions.",
          "correct_answer": "Relatives by marriage"
        },
        {
          "options": [
            "A family with adopted children",
            "A family formed by the union of partners with children from previous relationships",
            "A multi-generational household",
            "A family with both biological and step-siblings"
          ],
          "question": "In discussions about family structures, what does the term **blended family** most accurately describe?",
          "explanation": "A 'blended family' specifically refers to a family unit created when partners, one or both of whom have children from previous relationships, form a new family together. This term emphasizes the integration of different family units and often includes step-siblings and step-parents. It's distinct from adoptive families or multi-generational households, though a blended family might also include these elements.",
          "correct_answer": "A family formed by the union of partners with children from previous relationships"
        }
      ],
      "instructions": "Choose the correct meaning or usage of the highlighted word in each question."
    }
  }
}

---

Sample 2 (ID: 16)

{
  "item": {
    "type": "mcq_vocabulary",
    "content": {
      "questions": [
        {
          "options": [
            "The innermost layer of the skin",
            "The outermost layer of the skin",
            "The layer of fat beneath the skin",
            "The layer of muscle beneath the skin"
          ],
          "question": "In medical terminology, the **epidermis** refers to which specific layer of the human body?",
          "explanation": "The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin, serving as the body's primary barrier against environmental factors. It is composed of multiple layers of cells, primarily keratinocytes, which constantly regenerate to maintain skin health and protection.",
          "correct_answer": "The outermost layer of the skin"
        },
        {
          "options": [
            "Bones in the skull",
            "Bones in the fingers and toes",
            "Muscles in the arms",
            "Tendons in the legs"
          ],
          "question": "Which of the following best describes the function of the **phalanges** in the human body?",
          "explanation": "Phalanges are the bones that make up the fingers and toes. Each finger typically has three phalanges (proximal, middle, and distal), while the thumb and big toe have two. These bones provide structure and support for fine motor movements.",
          "correct_answer": "Bones in the fingers and toes"
        },
        {
          "options": [
            "The abdominal cavity",
            "The pelvic region",
            "The chest cavity",
            "The neck area"
          ],
          "question": "The **thorax** is a term commonly used in anatomy to refer to which part of the human body?",
          "explanation": "The thorax, also known as the chest cavity, is the upper part of the trunk between the neck and the abdomen. It contains vital organs such as the heart and lungs, protected by the ribcage, and plays a crucial role in respiration and circulation.",
          "correct_answer": "The chest cavity"
        },
        {
          "options": [
            "To pump blood through the circulatory system",
            "To filter toxins from the bloodstream",
            "To form the bridge of the foot",
            "To produce hormones for metabolism"
          ],
          "question": "What is the primary function of the **metatarsals** in the human body?",
          "explanation": "The metatarsals are five long bones in the foot that form its bridge or arch. They connect the tarsal bones of the ankle to the phalanges of the toes, providing structure and support for weight distribution and movement during walking and running.",
          "correct_answer": "To form the bridge of the foot"
        },
        {
          "options": [
            "Shinbone",
            "Collarbone",
            "Jawbone",
            "Hipbone"
          ],
          "question": "The **clavicle** is more commonly known by which term in everyday language?",
          "explanation": "The clavicle, colloquially known as the collarbone, is a long bone that serves as a strut between the shoulder blade and the sternum. It plays a crucial role in supporting the shoulder and facilitating arm movement, while also protecting important blood vessels and nerves beneath it.",
          "correct_answer": "Collarbone"
        }
      ],
      "instructions": "Choose the correct meaning or usage of the highlighted word in each question."
    }
  }
}

Sample 1 (ID: 38)

{
  "item": {
    "type": "mc-mcq",
    "content": {
      "paragraph": "In the world of fashion, relative clauses can play a pivotal role in describing garments and their unique features. For instance, a dress that is adorned with sequins may catch the light beautifully, but a suit which is crafted from fine wool offers a distinct level of elegance. Notably, fabrics like silk that are synonymous with luxury are often used in high-end clothing lines. Designers who prioritize sustainable practices frequently choose materials such as organic cotton, thereby reducing environmental impact. Clothing styles, which vary widely across cultures, reflect personal expression and societal norms. In history, certain garments that were once symbols of status are now accessible to a broader audience due to changes in manufacturing and distribution. Accessories, which complement outfits, can also be described by relative clauses: jewelry that sparkles or scarves which are hand-knitted. Understanding how clothes are presented linguistically offers not only a richer vocabulary but also insights into cultural values embedded within fashion choices.",
      "questions": [
        {
          "id": 1,
          "options": [
            {
              "text": "Relative clauses are used to describe features of clothing.",
              "label": "A"
            },
            {
              "text": "Garments made of sequins are synonymous with luxury.",
              "label": "B"
            },
            {
              "text": "Wool suits are associated with elegance.",
              "label": "C"
            },
            {
              "text": "Organic cotton is used in non-sustainable practices.",
              "label": "D"
            },
            {
              "text": "Fabrics like silk are used in high-end clothing lines.",
              "label": "E"
            }
          ],
          "question": "Which of the following statements are true according to the passage?",
          "explanations": {
            "A": "Explanation for why A is correct: The passage states that relative clauses describe garments and their unique features.",
            "B": "Explanation for why B is incorrect: The passage mentions sequins as a feature but does not equate it with luxury as it does with silk.",
            "C": "Explanation for why C is correct: The passage mentions that suits crafted from wool offer a distinct level of elegance.",
            "D": "Explanation for why D is incorrect: The passage states that organic cotton is chosen for sustainable practices.",
            "E": "Explanation for why E is correct: The passage states that fabrics like silk, synonymous with luxury, are used in high-end clothing lines."
          },
          "correct_answers": [
            "A",
            "C",
            "E"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": 2,
          "options": [
            {
              "text": "Designers disregard cultural values.",
              "label": "A"
            },
            {
              "text": "Designers focus solely on aesthetics.",
              "label": "B"
            },
            {
              "text": "Some designers prioritize sustainability.",
              "label": "C"
            },
            {
              "text": "Designers universally use luxury fabrics.",
              "label": "D"
            },
            {
              "text": "Designers' choices can reflect societal norms.",
              "label": "E"
            }
          ],
          "question": "What can be inferred about the role of designers mentioned in the passage?",
          "explanations": {
            "A": "Explanation for why A is incorrect: The passage does not state that designers disregard cultural values.",
            "B": "Explanation for why B is incorrect: While aesthetic is important, the passage mentions sustainability, indicating a broader focus.",
            "C": "Explanation for why C is correct: The passage mentions designers who prioritize sustainable practices by using organic cotton.",
            "D": "Explanation for why D is incorrect: The passage only mentions silk in the context of luxury, not suggesting all designers use it.",
            "E": "Explanation for why E is correct: The passage indicates clothing styles reflect personal expression and societal norms, suggesting designers\u2019 choices align with these norms."
          },
          "correct_answers": [
            "C",
            "E"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": 3,
          "options": [
            {
              "text": "To add descriptive detail to garments.",
              "label": "A"
            },
            {
              "text": "To enhance the manufacturing process.",
              "label": "B"
            },
            {
              "text": "To reflect cultural expressions.",
              "label": "C"
            },
            {
              "text": "To create a language of exclusivity.",
              "label": "D"
            },
            {
              "text": "To complement outfits.",
              "label": "E"
            }
          ],
          "question": "According to the passage, what are the functions of relative clauses in fashion contexts?",
          "explanations": {
            "A": "Explanation for why A is correct: The passage explains that relative clauses describe unique features of garments.",
            "B": "Explanation for why B is incorrect: The passage does not link relative clauses directly to manufacturing processes.",
            "C": "Explanation for why C is correct: The passage suggests clothes described linguistically offer insights into cultural values.",
            "D": "Explanation for why D is incorrect: While language can imply exclusivity, the passage doesn't focus on designing language for exclusivity.",
            "E": "Explanation for why E is incorrect: While accessories complement outfits, this is related to items described, not the function of relative clauses directly."
          },
          "correct_answers": [
            "A",
            "C"
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": 4,
          "options": [
            {
              "text": "Clothes reflect personal expression.",
              "label": "A"
            },
            {
              "text": "Garments exclusively define one's status.",
              "label": "B"
            },
            {
              "text": "Accessories are unnecessary additions to fashion.",
              "label": "C"
            },
            {
              "text": "Fashion can indicate socioeconomic changes.",
              "label": "D"
            },
            {
              "text": "Manufactured clothes are always expensive.",
              "label": "E"
            }
          ],
          "question": "Which concepts related to clothes does the passage highlight?",
          "explanations": {
            "A": "Explanation for why A is correct: The passage states that clothing styles reflect personal expression.",
            "B": "Explanation for why B is incorrect: While garments once represented status, now they're more accessible, indicating a shift rather than an exclusive definition.",
            "C": "Explanation for why C is incorrect: The passage mentions accessories as complementing outfits, indicating they add value.",
            "D": "Explanation for why D is correct: The passage notes changes in manufacturing and distribution have altered the accessibility of certain garments, reflecting socioeconomic shifts.",
            "E": "Explanation for why E is incorrect: The passage does not suggest all manufactured clothes are expensive."
          },
          "correct_answers": [
            "A",
            "D"
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}